فصلنامه مطالعات امنیت اجتماعی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 25، بهار 1390)

The present research aims at making sociological analysis of factors contributing to couples' tendency toward divorce in Isfahan province. Theoretical framework of the research is a combination of various theories, spouse parity, exchange, social classification (social status), and social imaginations theory. The research is of survey type, and questionnaire is used as a technique and tool for information collection. The statistical population includes couples who referred to divorce reduction centers in the first, second and third quarter of 210 are the statistical community of the research, and have not reached compromise yet. Quota- based sampling system is used in the research, and volume of the sample is determined based on Cockran formula (N=330). Tendency level toward divorce isthe research dependent variable. Effort is made to assess the impact of independent variables--interference of others in couples' life, difference in social status, marriage life satisfaction, and positive imagination from divorce consequences- on it through utilizing statistical techniques. Results of the research indicated that more than half of the respondents (52.7 percent, 174 persons) have moderate tendency, and almost 7.6 percent of them have strong tendency toward divorce. Regression analysis of data indicates that some variables such as interference level of others in couples' life, not belonging to same class of society, marriage life, satisfaction, and positive imagination from divorce consequences have had direct impression on tendency level to divorce. Nevertheless, variables such as interference of others in couples' life, and not belonging to the same class of society have had the highest impact on tendency toward divorce.

Islamabad is among vast informal habitations of Zanjan city, formed following immense immigrations of villagers over 1960s and afterwards. The present research aims at reviewing delinquency spatial patterns geographically and explaining factors contributing to emergence of the patterns in Islamabad. The research conducted through using descriptive, analytical and comparative methodology. Nearest neighbor index and Kernel density estimation approach are used to identify prone- to – crime centers. The statistic population of the present research is the set of buying and selling stolen properties, which has occurred in a one- year period in Islamabad. Findings of the research indicates that Islamabad is the most prominent prone –to- crime center in Zanjan city where stolen properties are bought and sold, and spatial distribution of crime follows cluster and concentrated pattern. Most crimes committed in Islamabad residential area is in a way that 264 criminal cases against 82.25 percent in residential areas, and there is direct relationship between population density in the area and delinquency rateoccurrence in it.

Nowadays media, especially mass media are considered as an important factor in impressing public thought and orienting social behavior. In this regard, students' population in Iran, especially high school students, as future human resources of the country are the centre of attention of Iran's officials. Iranian high school students are of high importance to police forces, and with respect to their age, some smart programs concerning development of training courses for police force in line with students' required needs should be implementedThe present research aims at identifying the type of media to which Tehrani high school students are exposed. In addition, it has reviewed the level and manner of their exposure to the media, level of their impressionability from various media, especially national media, and assistance to determining training needs of the target society. The research helps conduct of more effective training for police forces, as well. The research is of survey type. N=600 includes Tehrani high school students, selected through cluster sampling. The tool used in the research is a self-made questionnaire whose reliability confirmed nominally, and its validity calculated through using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Results of the research indicate that television as the most welcomed media, has the highest potential to direct and orient social issues, especially issues related to students. With respect to the fact that almost halfof students are subscribers of television and satellite, it seems that while planning for sending message to the target group through Iranian television, the messages sent to the spectators of satellite programs and their impacts on high school students should be taken into consideration. Findings of the researchindicate that 63 percent of students play computer games. The point indicates popularity of the above-mentioned media among students. Therefore, computer games may have proper potential for conveying the required messages and trainings of the students.

Crime is an undesirable social phenomenon. Crime commitment and its growth threaten economic and social security. Crime leads to security enhancement and disciplinary costs, and social and private costs, as well, and as a result it leads to reduction in social welfare. The present article aims at reviewing and analyzing the impact of economic motivation on committing crime. Survey

The research is of survey type. A questionnaire is used for collecting the required information of the research. N=340 including all the criminals of "Semnan Central Prison" who arrested by police because of committing various crimes. The sample includes 125 prisoners calculated and achieved through using Cockran formula. SPSS is used for statistical analysis of the research findings.

Findings of the study indicated that the impact of achieving a better social situation, poverty, income limitations, and crime commitment recordin the past cannot be ignored (95% assurance). The issue is confirmed in terms of economy and based on the research history and from statistics point of view. The descriptive statistics of sample data indicated that 60% of the criminals do not hold high school diploma, and 66% of them are between 15 and 35. The information indicates that low education level and being young,enhances the probability of individuals' contribution in criminal activities. Research

Explaining the economic reasons of crime commitment, and confirmation of the direct and significant relationship between economic factors such as crime and low income with crime commitment rate, and offering new approaches to be used in policy making system to combat crimes are the findings of the research.

The present research conducted through using correlation method and, aims at determining relationship between fundamental needs and social support, and social consistency among boy and girl students. Statistical community of the research includes all high school boy and girl students in zone five in Tabriz. The sample group in the research included 160 students – 80 boys and 80 girls – who selected through available sampling method. Three types of questionnaires – Students' Fundamental Needs, Philips, et.al (1986), Students' consistency questionnaire: Sina and Sing (1993) were the utilized tools. Path analysis indicated that the direct impact of gender on fundamental needs and social consistency has been significant; However, its direct impact on social support is not significant. Indirect impact of gender on social consistency and social support is significant, while the overall impact of gender on fundamental needs is not significant. Director impactof social consistency on social support is significant, but its overall impact is not significant. The results of independent groups' test indicated that there is significant difference between boy and girl students in terms of fundamental needs, social consistency and social support variables.

Quarrel is a type of disorder in social relations among individuals and groups, and it is considered one of the most important social issues of Kohkilooyeh & Boyerahmad province. The issue has brought about various social consequences; chief among them is reduction of various dimensions of security in the above-mentioned society. The present research aims at reviewing the level of tendency toward collective quarrel among men living in Boyerahmad and its relationship with social trust, ethnicity, socio-economic base and age. The research is of survey type. The statistical population is men ranging from 15 to 65 in Boyerahmad. 395 persons selected through multi-stage random sampling. The tool used in it is questionnaire, whose validity is determined through structure validity method and through using agent-based analysis techniques, and its reliability is determined through internal coordination method via using Cronbach’s Alpha method. Results of the research, in line with achieving the initial objective of the researcher indicate that the average score for tendency toward collective quarrel for respondents, is significantly higher than average real score (39). Results of the research indicated that social trust variable has had no impact on tendency toward collective quarrel; howhowever, ethnicity, socio-economic base and age have had significant impact ontendency toward collective quarrel.

Anomy is considered a social problem. Those suffering from anomy feel that they do not have any norms, and this leads to incoherence between individuals and society.Feeling lost and desparate, vision toward future, disruption in consumption culture and social system is the main source of anomy in various social, economic, cultural and political levels in the society. It is also a strong stimulus in making social organs inefficient. In addition, it leads to infection of the society and finally it almost leads to collapse of structures in the society. The present research is of survey-correlative type, and in terms of timing it is sector-based. The tool used for collecting data is questionnaire.N = 394 and the samples who are the youth of 15-29 years of age selected through graded sampling method over the years 2009-2010 in Ardebil. Results of statistical tests indicate the significant relationship between vision toward future, self-esteem, cultural confusion, inequality feeling, religious loyaltyfamily incoherence and improper social relationship are dependent variables, while anomy is dependent variable. Results of regression model estimations in Lisrel software 8.5 indicate that negative vision toward future is the strongest factor explaining and affectaffecting anomy variance; while family incoherence has the weakest impact on the youth anomy status. Reviewing different levels of anomy, one can realize that background for cultural anomy is at the highest level; while economic anomy has the lowest level among the youth